日語或譯作 地位の変更 状態の変更
以下是一個英文的舉例說明
http://www.bookrags.com/wiki/Unjust_enrichment
A small amount will be said on each of the above defences, and an example of each will be given. (1) Change of position Since the focus of unjust enrichment is on the defendant’s gain, he can reduce the value of the claim against him if he can show that he has changed his position in good faith in reliance on being entitled to keep the enrichment. Change of position is fundamentally a partial defence, although it can be a complete defence if the amount of the defendant’s disenrichment matches or exceeds the initial value of the claim against him. Let us return to the shopkeeper example used above (in the section entitled ‘Introduction’). B is accidentally given $10 too much change by shopkeeper A. B does not notice the mistake. At this point we alter the example slightly, and imagine that B later discovers that he has $10 more than he thought he had. He does not realise where the additional $10 came from. Pleased at his apparent good fortune, B decides to buy a bottle of wine for $8 that he would not otherwise have bought. He drinks the wine. Now A brings his claim for restitution of the $10. B has a partial defence of change of position because he spent money he would not otherwise have spent in reliance on a genuine belief that he was entitled to the $10. The value of A’s claim is reduced to $2.
那中文譯作什麼呢 為什麼我在台灣沒學過
王澤鑑的書沒有提到 大學部當然不會教
但會不會是這也是英美法的觀念??
松坂佐一 (まつさか さいち)早在大正十二年就從東大畢業
1976年出版的英米法における不当利得
104頁以下就有提到這個概念
而英文為change of circumstances 時 他譯作 事情の変更
試舉該書之一例
松坂佐一『英米法における不当利得』１０８頁の実例八：
Picotte v. Millsにおいて、受領者は錯誤による支払いがなかったならば、車を買わなかったであろうことが法廷で立証されたけれども、裁判所は通常の生活費であると判断した。これに反し、例えば、雇傭主Aからクリスマスの贈物として受けるものを慈善団体に交付するいつもの習慣に従って、Bが二００弗 ( ドル )を地方の救済団体に手渡すことを除いて、実例七と同じ事実において、AはBから回復する権利を有しない（実例八）。
我的老師在上課時則是舉彩劵中大獎世界旅行的例子 更好懂
松坂佐一到了1992年還出版最近のドイツ不当利得法の概観
這本書就沒有提到這個概念
喔喔 附帶一提 他是1898年出生的
這時都已經九十四歲了 還可以出版不同語種文獻的研究心得
真是太強了
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